The first motion picture exhibition in India
was held in Bombay in 1896. The silent era of Indian cinema began in 1913 with
the release of the first Indian feature film, Raja Harishchandra, directed by
Dadasaheb Phalke who is also known as the ‘Father
of Indian Cinema’. During this era, the Indian film industry was in its
early stages and most films were adaptations of Indian mythology, historical
events or folklore. These films were typically short, lasting between 10 and 30
minutes, and were often accompanied by live music and sound effects
With India's independence in 1947, Indian
cinema became more diverse and regionalized. This period saw the rise of
regional cinema in India. Many films focused on the themes of social justice,
unity, and patriotism, and depicted the struggles of ordinary people in the
post-independence era. Masala films, also known as
"Bollywood masala" or "masala movies", were a popular genre
of Indian cinema that emerged in the 1970s and gained widespread popularity in
the 1980s. They were characterized by a mix of various genres, including
action, drama, romance, and comedy. Some of the most iconic masala films
include Sholay (1975), Deewaar (1975) and Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge
(1995).
Globalization brought
about an increased exposure to foreign films, music, and culture, which
influenced the evolution of Bollywood. The rise of multiplexes and satellite
television brought about a new era of distribution, allowing Bollywood to reach
a wider global audience. The use of social media platforms, such as Twitter and
Instagram, allowed filmmakers to connect with audiences directly and build buzz
around their films. Streaming services, such as Netflix and Amazon Prime, also
created new avenues for distribution. Bollywood after globalization has been
marked by a shift towards more diverse and experimental themes, a greater focus
on marketing and branding, and the emergence of new distribution channels and
international collaborations. Despite these changes, Bollywood remains an
integral part of Indian culture and identity, and continues to captivate
audiences around the world.
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